# Design Document

## Overview

This design document outlines a comprehensive refactoring strategy to transform the current customer portal codebase into a modern, maintainable, and scalable architecture. The refactoring will eliminate redundancies, establish consistent patterns, and improve developer experience while maintaining existing functionality.

## Architecture

### High-Level Structure

The refactored architecture will follow a feature-driven, layered approach:

```
apps/portal/src/
├── app/                    # Next.js App Router pages
├── components/             # Shared UI components (Design System)
│   ├── ui/                # Base UI components (atoms)
│   ├── layout/            # Layout components (organisms)
│   └── common/            # Shared business components (molecules)
├── features/              # Feature-specific modules
│   ├── auth/              # Authentication feature
│   ├── dashboard/         # Dashboard feature
│   ├── billing/           # Billing feature
│   ├── subscriptions/     # Subscriptions feature
│   ├── catalog/           # Product catalog feature
│   └── support/           # Support feature
├── lib/                   # Core utilities and services
│   ├── api/               # API client and services
│   ├── auth/              # Authentication logic
│   ├── hooks/             # Shared React hooks
│   ├── stores/            # State management
│   ├── types/             # Shared TypeScript types
│   └── utils/             # Utility functions
├── providers/             # React context providers
└── styles/                # Global styles and design tokens
```

### Design Principles

1. **Feature-First Organization**: Group related functionality together
2. **Atomic Design**: Build UI components in a hierarchical manner
3. **Separation of Concerns**: Separate business logic from presentation
4. **Single Responsibility**: Each module has one clear purpose
5. **Dependency Inversion**: Depend on abstractions, not concretions

## Components and Interfaces

### Design System Architecture

#### Atomic Design Structure

```typescript
// Base UI Components (Atoms)
components/ui/
├── Button/
│   ├── Button.tsx
│   ├── Button.stories.tsx
│   ├── Button.test.tsx
│   └── index.ts
├── Input/
├── Badge/
└── ...

// Composite Components (Molecules)
components/common/
├── DataTable/
├── SearchBar/
├── StatusIndicator/
└── ...

// Layout Components (Organisms)
components/layout/
├── DashboardLayout/
├── AuthLayout/
├── PageLayout/
└── ...
```

#### Component Interface Standards

```typescript
// Base component props interface
interface BaseComponentProps {
  className?: string;
  children?: React.ReactNode;
  testId?: string;
}

// Variant-based component pattern
interface ButtonProps extends BaseComponentProps {
  variant?: "primary" | "secondary" | "outline" | "ghost";
  size?: "sm" | "md" | "lg";
  disabled?: boolean;
  loading?: boolean;
  onClick?: () => void;
}
```

### Feature Module Structure

Each feature will follow a consistent internal structure:

```typescript
features/[feature-name]/
├── components/           # Feature-specific components
│   ├── [Component]/
│   │   ├── Component.tsx
│   │   ├── Component.test.tsx
│   │   └── index.ts
│   └── index.ts
├── hooks/               # Feature-specific hooks
│   ├── use[Feature].ts
│   └── index.ts
├── services/            # Feature business logic
│   ├── [feature].service.ts
│   └── index.ts
├── types/               # Feature-specific types
│   ├── [feature].types.ts
│   └── index.ts
├── utils/               # Feature utilities
└── index.ts             # Feature public API
```

### API Service Layer

```typescript
// Centralized API service structure
lib/api/
├── client.ts            # Base API client
├── types.ts             # API response types
├── services/
│   ├── auth.service.ts
│   ├── billing.service.ts
│   ├── subscriptions.service.ts
│   └── index.ts
└── index.ts

// Service interface pattern
interface ApiService<T> {
  getAll(params?: QueryParams): Promise<T[]>;
  getById(id: string): Promise<T>;
  create(data: CreateT): Promise<T>;
  update(id: string, data: UpdateT): Promise<T>;
  delete(id: string): Promise<void>;
}
```

## Data Models

### Centralized Type Definitions

```typescript
// lib/types/index.ts - Centralized type exports
export * from "./api.types";
export * from "./auth.types";
export * from "./billing.types";
export * from "./subscription.types";
export * from "./common.types";

// Common base types
interface BaseEntity {
  id: string;
  createdAt: string;
  updatedAt: string;
}

interface PaginatedResponse<T> {
  data: T[];
  pagination: {
    page: number;
    limit: number;
    total: number;
    totalPages: number;
  };
}

// Feature-specific type extensions
interface Subscription extends BaseEntity {
  userId: string;
  planId: string;
  status: SubscriptionStatus;
  // ... other properties
}
```

### State Management Pattern

```typescript
// Zustand store pattern for each feature
interface FeatureStore {
  // State
  data: FeatureData[];
  loading: boolean;
  error: string | null;

  // Actions
  fetchData: () => Promise<void>;
  updateItem: (id: string, data: Partial<FeatureData>) => Promise<void>;
  reset: () => void;
}

// React Query integration for server state
const useFeatureQuery = (params?: QueryParams) => {
  return useQuery({
    queryKey: ["feature", params],
    queryFn: () => featureService.getAll(params),
    staleTime: 5 * 60 * 1000, // 5 minutes
  });
};
```

## Error Handling

### Centralized Error Management

```typescript
// lib/errors/index.ts
export class AppError extends Error {
  constructor(
    message: string,
    public code: string,
    public statusCode?: number
  ) {
    super(message);
    this.name = "AppError";
  }
}

// Error boundary component
export function ErrorBoundary({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  // Implementation with error logging and user-friendly fallbacks
}

// API error handling
export function handleApiError(error: unknown): AppError {
  if (error instanceof ApiError) {
    return new AppError(error.message, error.code, error.status);
  }
  return new AppError("An unexpected error occurred", "UNKNOWN_ERROR");
}
```

### Error Display Strategy

```typescript
// Consistent error display components
interface ErrorStateProps {
  error: AppError;
  onRetry?: () => void;
  variant?: "page" | "inline" | "toast";
}

export function ErrorState({ error, onRetry, variant = "page" }: ErrorStateProps) {
  // Render appropriate error UI based on variant
}
```

## Testing Strategy

### Testing Architecture

```typescript
// Test utilities and setup
__tests__/
├── setup.ts             # Test environment setup
├── utils/
│   ├── render.tsx       # Custom render with providers
│   ├── mocks/           # API and service mocks
│   └── factories/       # Test data factories
└── fixtures/            # Test data fixtures

// Component testing pattern
describe('Button Component', () => {
  it('renders with correct variant styles', () => {
    render(<Button variant="primary">Click me</Button>);
    expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toHaveClass('bg-blue-600');
  });

  it('handles click events', async () => {
    const handleClick = jest.fn();
    render(<Button onClick={handleClick}>Click me</Button>);

    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button'));
    expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
  });
});
```

### Integration Testing

```typescript
// Feature integration tests
describe('Dashboard Feature', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    // Setup mocks and test data
    mockApiService.dashboard.getSummary.mockResolvedValue(mockDashboardData);
  });

  it('displays user dashboard with correct data', async () => {
    render(<DashboardPage />);

    await waitFor(() => {
      expect(screen.getByText('Active Subscriptions')).toBeInTheDocument();
      expect(screen.getByText('3')).toBeInTheDocument();
    });
  });
});
```

## Performance Optimization

### Code Splitting Strategy

```typescript
// Feature-based code splitting
const DashboardPage = lazy(() => import("@/features/dashboard/pages/DashboardPage"));
const BillingPage = lazy(() => import("@/features/billing/pages/BillingPage"));

// Component-level splitting for heavy components
const DataVisualization = lazy(() => import("@/components/common/DataVisualization"));
```

### Bundle Optimization

```typescript
// Tree-shakeable exports
// Instead of: export * from './components';
// Use specific exports:
export { Button } from "./Button";
export { Input } from "./Input";
export type { ButtonProps, InputProps } from "./types";

// Dynamic imports for heavy dependencies
const heavyLibrary = await import("heavy-library");
```

### Caching Strategy

```typescript
// React Query configuration
const queryClient = new QueryClient({
  defaultOptions: {
    queries: {
      staleTime: 5 * 60 * 1000, // 5 minutes
      gcTime: 10 * 60 * 1000, // 10 minutes
      retry: (failureCount, error) => {
        if (error.status === 404) return false;
        return failureCount < 3;
      },
    },
  },
});
```

## Migration Strategy

### Phase 1: Foundation (Weeks 1-2)

- Set up new folder structure
- Create base UI components (Button, Input, etc.)
- Establish design tokens and styling system
- Set up centralized API client

### Phase 2: Core Features (Weeks 3-4)

- Refactor authentication module
- Migrate dashboard feature
- Consolidate layout components
- Implement error handling system

### Phase 3: Business Features (Weeks 5-6)

- Migrate billing feature
- Refactor subscriptions feature
- Consolidate catalog functionality
- Implement testing framework

### Phase 4: Optimization (Weeks 7-8)

- Performance optimization
- Bundle analysis and splitting
- Documentation and cleanup
- Final testing and validation

## Risk Mitigation

### Backward Compatibility

- Maintain existing API contracts during migration
- Use feature flags for gradual rollout
- Keep old components until migration is complete

### Testing Coverage

- Maintain existing functionality through comprehensive testing
- Implement visual regression testing
- Set up automated testing pipeline

### Performance Monitoring

- Implement bundle size monitoring
- Set up performance metrics tracking
- Monitor Core Web Vitals during migration