Assist_Design/docs/MEMORY_OPTIMIZATION.md

📊 Bundle Analysis Guide

Simple guide for analyzing and optimizing bundle sizes.

🎯 Quick Analysis

Frontend Bundle Analysis

# Analyze bundle size
pnpm analyze

# Or use the script
pnpm bundle-analyze

Key Metrics to Monitor

• First Load JS: Should be < 250KB
• Total Bundle Size: Should be < 1MB
• Largest Chunks: Identify optimization targets

🎯 Frontend Optimizations

1. Bundle Analysis & Code Splitting

# Analyze current bundle size
cd apps/portal
pnpm run analyze

# Build with analysis
pnpm run build:analyze

2. Dynamic Imports

// Before: Static import
import { HeavyComponent } from './HeavyComponent';

// After: Dynamic import
const HeavyComponent = lazy(() => import('./HeavyComponent'));

// Route-level code splitting
const Dashboard = lazy(() => import('./pages/Dashboard'));
const Orders = lazy(() => import('./pages/Orders'));

3. Image Optimization

// Use Next.js Image component with optimization
import Image from 'next/image';

<Image
  src="/hero.jpg"
  alt="Hero"
  width={800}
  height={600}
  priority={false} // Lazy load non-critical images
  placeholder="blur" // Add blur placeholder
/>

4. Tree Shaking Optimization

// Before: Import entire library
import * as _ from 'lodash';

// After: Import specific functions
import { debounce, throttle } from 'lodash-es';

// Or use individual packages
import debounce from 'lodash.debounce';

5. React Query Optimization

// Optimize React Query cache
const queryClient = new QueryClient({
  defaultOptions: {
    queries: {
      // Reduce memory usage
      cacheTime: 5 * 60 * 1000, // 5 minutes
      staleTime: 1 * 60 * 1000,  // 1 minute
      // Limit concurrent queries
      refetchOnWindowFocus: false,
    },
  },
});

🎯 Backend Optimizations

1. Heap Size Optimization

// package.json - Optimized heap sizes
{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "NODE_OPTIONS=\"--max-old-space-size=2048\" nest start --watch",
    "build": "NODE_OPTIONS=\"--max-old-space-size=3072\" nest build",
    "type-check": "NODE_OPTIONS=\"--max-old-space-size=4096\" tsc --noEmit"
  }
}

2. Streaming Responses

// For large data responses
@Get('large-dataset')
async getLargeDataset(@Res() res: Response) {
  const stream = this.dataService.createDataStream();
  
  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
  res.setHeader('Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked');
  
  stream.pipe(res);
}

3. Memory-Efficient Pagination

// Cursor-based pagination instead of offset
interface PaginationOptions {
  cursor?: string;
  limit: number; // Max 100
}

async findWithCursor(options: PaginationOptions) {
  return this.prisma.order.findMany({
    take: Math.min(options.limit, 100),
    ...(options.cursor && {
      cursor: { id: options.cursor },
      skip: 1,
    }),
    orderBy: { createdAt: 'desc' },
  });
}

4. Request/Response Caching

// Memory-efficient caching
@Injectable()
export class CacheService {
  private readonly cache = new Map<string, { data: any; expires: number }>();
  private readonly maxSize = 1000; // Limit cache size
  
  set(key: string, data: any, ttl: number = 300000) {
    // Implement LRU eviction
    if (this.cache.size >= this.maxSize) {
      const firstKey = this.cache.keys().next().value;
      this.cache.delete(firstKey);
    }
    
    this.cache.set(key, {
      data,
      expires: Date.now() + ttl,
    });
  }
}

5. Database Connection Optimization

// Optimize Prisma connection pool
const prisma = new PrismaClient({
  datasources: {
    db: {
      url: process.env.DATABASE_URL,
    },
  },
  // Optimize connection pool
  __internal: {
    engine: {
      connectionLimit: 10, // Reduce from default 20
    },
  },
});

🎯 Dependency Optimizations

1. Replace Heavy Dependencies

# Before: moment.js (67KB)
npm uninstall moment

# After: date-fns (13KB with tree shaking)
npm install date-fns

# Before: lodash (71KB)
npm uninstall lodash

# After: Individual functions or native alternatives
npm install lodash-es # Better tree shaking

2. Bundle Analysis Results

# Run bundle analysis
./scripts/memory-optimization.sh

# Key metrics to monitor:
# - First Load JS: < 250KB
# - Total Bundle Size: < 1MB
# - Largest Chunks: Identify optimization targets

3. Webpack Optimizations (Already Implemented)

• Code Splitting: Separate vendor, common, and UI chunks
• Tree Shaking: Remove unused code
• Compression: Gzip/Brotli compression
• Caching: Long-term caching for static assets

🎯 Runtime Optimizations

1. Memory Leak Detection

// Add memory monitoring
@Injectable()
export class MemoryMonitorService {
  @Cron('*/5 * * * *') // Every 5 minutes
  checkMemoryUsage() {
    const usage = process.memoryUsage();
    
    if (usage.heapUsed > 500 * 1024 * 1024) { // 500MB
      this.logger.warn('High memory usage detected', {
        heapUsed: `${Math.round(usage.heapUsed / 1024 / 1024)}MB`,
        heapTotal: `${Math.round(usage.heapTotal / 1024 / 1024)}MB`,
        external: `${Math.round(usage.external / 1024 / 1024)}MB`,
      });
    }
  }
}

2. Garbage Collection Optimization

# Enable GC logging in production
NODE_OPTIONS="--max-old-space-size=2048 --gc-interval=100" npm start

# Monitor GC patterns
NODE_OPTIONS="--trace-gc --trace-gc-verbose" npm run dev

3. Worker Threads for CPU-Intensive Tasks

// For heavy computations
import { Worker, isMainThread, parentPort } from 'worker_threads';

if (isMainThread) {
  // Main thread
  const worker = new Worker(__filename);
  worker.postMessage({ data: largeDataset });
  
  worker.on('message', (result) => {
    // Handle processed result
  });
} else {
  // Worker thread
  parentPort?.on('message', ({ data }) => {
    const result = processLargeDataset(data);
    parentPort?.postMessage(result);
  });
}

📈 Monitoring & Metrics

1. Performance Monitoring

// Add performance metrics
@Injectable()
export class PerformanceService {
  trackMemoryUsage(operation: string) {
    const start = process.memoryUsage();
    
    return {
      end: () => {
        const end = process.memoryUsage();
        const diff = {
          heapUsed: end.heapUsed - start.heapUsed,
          heapTotal: end.heapTotal - start.heapTotal,
        };
        
        this.logger.debug(`Memory usage for ${operation}`, diff);
      },
    };
  }
}

2. Bundle Size Monitoring

// Add to CI/CD pipeline
{
  "scripts": {
    "build:check-size": "npm run build && bundlesize"
  },
  "bundlesize": [
    {
      "path": ".next/static/js/*.js",
      "maxSize": "250kb"
    },
    {
      "path": ".next/static/css/*.css",
      "maxSize": "50kb"
    }
  ]
}

🚀 Implementation Checklist

Immediate Actions (Week 1)

• Run bundle analysis: pnpm run analyze
• Implement dynamic imports for heavy components
• Optimize image loading with Next.js Image
• Reduce heap allocation in development

Short-term (Week 2-3)

• Replace heavy dependencies (moment → date-fns)
• Implement request caching
• Add memory monitoring
• Optimize database connection pool

Long-term (Month 1)

• Implement streaming for large responses
• Add worker threads for CPU-intensive tasks
• Set up continuous bundle size monitoring
• Implement advanced caching strategies

🎯 Expected Results

Memory Reduction Targets

• Frontend Bundle: 30-50% reduction
• Backend Heap: 25-40% reduction
• Build Time: 20-30% improvement
• Runtime Memory: 35-50% reduction

Performance Improvements

• First Load: < 2 seconds
• Page Transitions: < 500ms
• API Response: < 200ms (95th percentile)
• Memory Stability: No memory leaks in 24h+ runs

🔧 Tools & Commands

# Frontend analysis
cd apps/portal && pnpm run analyze

# Backend memory check
cd apps/bff && NODE_OPTIONS="--trace-gc" pnpm dev

# Full optimization analysis
./scripts/memory-optimization.sh

# Dependency audit
pnpm audit --recursive

# Bundle size check
pnpm run build && ls -la .next/static/js/

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Note: Always test memory optimizations in a staging environment before deploying to production. Monitor application performance and user experience after implementing changes.